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Surviving the Extremes: What Happens to the Body and Mind at the Limits of Human Endurance, by Kenneth Kamler
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A true-life scientific thriller no reader will forget, Surviving the Extremes takes us to the farthest reaches of the earth as well as into the uncharted territory within the human body, spirit, and brain. A vice president of the legendary Explorers Club, as well as surgeon, explorer, and masterful storyteller, Dr. Kenneth Kamler has spent years discovering what happens to the human body in extreme environmental conditions. Divided into six sections—jungle, high seas, desert, underwater, high altitude, and outer space—this book uses firsthand testimony and documented accounts to investigate the science of what a body goes through and explains why people survive—and why they sometimes don’t.
- Sales Rank: #141215 in Books
- Brand: Kamler, Kenneth
- Published on: 2004-12-28
- Released on: 2004-12-28
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.40" h x .70" w x 5.50" l, .68 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 336 pages
Amazon.com Review
Medical case studies can be fascinating to read, full of drama, heroism, and sometimes tragedy. Most doctors' tales take place in clinics or hospitals, but those pedestrian settings are not for Kenneth Kamler, who practices medicine outside, patching people up with surprising success under harrowing conditions. Surviving the Extremes starts with open-air surgery in the steamy jungles of the Amazon River, moves to disturbingly detailed descriptions of the many ways humans can die at sea, and from there takes white-knuckled readers through the rest of Earth's extreme environments. Krakauer fans will gasp at the book's best chapter, covering the high-altitude medical feats Kamler has performed on Mt. Everest and other peaks. "No course in medical school taught me the proper mixture of oxygen, IV fluids, and Tibetan chants to treat a subdural hematoma in below-zero temperatures on a 3-mile-high glacier," Kamler writes. Instead, he has learned the fine art of adventure doctoring by doing it, and in the process, he's won fans among the world's most prominent risk-takers. Through it all, Kamler remains fascinated by the human body's ability to heal under horrifically dangerous conditions. His medical adventures are inspiring and thrilling, as well as occasionally bloody and disgusting. In short, perfect stories of human survival. --Therese Littleton
From Publishers Weekly
Ever since Jon Krakauer's Into Thin Air, books about human survival have captured readers' imagination. Add this book to the list. Kamler is no office-room doctor, preferring to use his skills on survival missions. As he puts it in his prologue, "I practice medicine where I don't belong." He takes the reader along on his explorations-be they on the Amazon or on Mt. Everest. While on the former, he used his medical techniques to save locals; on the latter, he saved climbers, including some of those threatened during the ill-fated 1996 climb chronicled by Krakauer. But Kamler's book is far more than just a story of his own explorations. He uses his journey as a launching point for investigating the nature of survival. In a style reminiscent of Oliver Sacks, he details remarkable stories of human endurance in adverse conditions-adrift at sea in a raft, lost in an unknown desert-while simultaneously educating the reader in the science of survival. For Kamler, the secret lies in the brain, which provides the key to survival: "If the will is there, the brain initiates actions that are appropriate responses to the environmental stress." Even readers who aren't survivalists themselves will find their brains stimulated by Kamlers fluid writing and lively stories.
Copyright � Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Review
"An absorbing account combining science and exploration as humans confront environmental extremes…"�—Los Angeles Times
"Powerful, moving, and very real."�—Oliver Sacks
Most helpful customer reviews
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Surviving the Extremes from the Comfort of Your Couch
By Jackson D. Anderson
This book was packed with information about the diseases and conditions that affect the human body when exposed to adverse environments. The exploration of the impact of these environments on the human body was incredibly detailed and fascinating thus the book, for me, became a page-turner. Author Kenneth Kamler offers a graphic description of the various conditions that can affect humans exposed to environments which test their endurance. Being interested in medicine, this book was very alluring and honestly made me excited for the things I might explore in my future education. Kamler details afflictions like Pulmonary Edema, which affects people in extreme high altitudes. He explores its symptoms of “bubbling” sounding breathing, frothy mucus vomit, shallow breathing, coughing, and swollen/blue lips. His narrative allows you to understand how Pulmonary Edema affects people physiologically as pressure decreases with high altitude. Then, Kamler dives into treatment options such as descent and a variety of medications. Finally, once you have a comprehensive knowledge of the disease he continues to explain why it affects certain groups of people more than others, such as the fact that Sherpas, who because they continually travel to altitude, have developed, through the process of natural selection, enzymes which keep them more acclimated to altitude than newcomers or “lowlanders”. Kamler’s detailing of every aspect of these scenarios answers any question you might have about the conditions people face and truly paints a picture of the educational level a doctor must pursue to be successful in what they do. This book is jam packed with other examples of humans dealing with the impact of adverse environments. Every page is riveting and draws you to read on. For me, this book motivated me to learn so that I could bring myself to Kamler’s level of knowledge. I would definitely recommend it to anyone regardless of their interest in medicine, as it is riveting to understand the limits of the human body and how it can continue to surprise us. In true Ethnographic style it immerses the reader into the world of a doctor, and allows full comprehension of the knowledge they must posses and the situations they are faced with. The book brings excitement and education to the same level to allow you this insight. I would rate this book about an 8.5/10.
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Fun & Informative
By Chan Joon Yee
For those unfamiliar with the author, Kenneth Kalmer was the only doctor on Mt Everest during the 1996 tragedy. This book touches on human physiology and how we adapt to and tolerate extremes in environmental conditions. It contains valuable information with which every adventurer should be acquainted. Though it is written for the layman, this is certainly not the kind of book you can read just before going to sleep. It's pretty heavy on scientific principles.
Dr Kalmer begins with the jungle environment, namely the Amazon forest and swamps. Though heat exhaustion can be a problem here, most of the hazards of this environment seem to come from the denizens of the jungle. Survivors in this environment need to keep a constant lookout for the anopheles mosquito (malaria), black caiman, anaconda, venomous snakes, poisonous frogs and caterpillars, schisto worm (liver parasite), stingray, electric eel and a most interesting creature called the candiru. This is actually a very tiny catfish which has a great affinity for salt. When an animal urinates under water, this tiny creature will follow the stream of urine and lodge itself in the animal's urethra. Surgery is required to remove it.
Ironically, the jungle is also a natural pharmacy that provides medicines to heal the sick as well as poisons for blowdart hunting. No wonder people still live there.
The next hostile environment is the open sea - endless stretches of water, not a drop of which can keep the castaway's body hydrated. Dr Kalmer gives many examples of how castaways survive. The world record is held by Chinese sailor Poon Lim, who drifted on a raft for 130 days without supplies. He collected rain water and used a spring in his torch to catch fish. Methods thought up by other survivors include using improvised solar-powered stoves to distill seawater. The physiology of salt intake, dehydration and starvation are presented along with some coverage on cannibalism at sea.
The scorching desert is an even more hostile environment that causes heat exhaustion, dehydration and starvation to set in even more rapidly. Dr Kalmer explains in detail how the body regulates temperature and maintains a constant internal environment. He also explains how this system can break down under extreme external temperature and dehydration. Death occurs with the loss of 15-20 litres of body fluids. However, defying the limits of human physiology, is one Mauro Prosperi, who claimed to have survived for 9 days in the desert without any water.
Diving medicine is a very big topic by itself, but Dr Kalmer gives us the essentials on what happens to the body during free diving, the mechanics of SCUBA as well as the causes of decompression sickness. As with the other environments, many examples of diving accidents along with a microscopic view of what went on inside the victims' bodies are presented.
High altitude medicine is one area where Dr Kalmer has the most firsthand experience. Bringing out actual situations he encountered on Himalayan expeditions, the author presents a flowing account of Himalayan expeditions alongside an "insiders'" view of the characters' bodies. The mechanics of AMS (acute mountain sickness), HAPE (high altitude pulmonary edema), HACE (high altitude cerebral edema) and frostbite are neatly woven into the story. Dr Kalmer even proposes a somewhat controversial evolutionary advantage that the Sherpas may have over other people. Even more surprising but factually indisputable, is his mention of the "miraculous" survival of Beck Weathers and Pasang Sherpa.
The final chapter is really out of this world - space adventure. Space is the ultimate hostile environment combining extreme cold, extreme heat, vacuum and cosmic radiation from which the human body must be almost completely insulated. Topics covered include the physiological effects of G force and zero gravity. Also mentioned are research projects into building self-sufficient spacecrafts for interplanetary exploration. Interesting hypothetical situations are presented and Dr Kalmer manages not to bore the reader with his wit and humour.
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Overall very interesting
By odanny
You may or may not like this book, and it depends on whether or not you wish to know the medical reasoning behind what happens to the human body at its very extreme limits. Since I am interested in this I purchased this book. Dr. Kamler breaks it into 6 categories:
1) Jungle
2) High Seas
3) Desert
4) Underwater
5) High Altitude
6) Outer Space
I prefered 1, 2 and 5 the most. The medical explanations are actually quite interesting and usually not too dry for the casual reader of all things science related, like myself. If you have any experience in any of these extremes, like long distance running through the desert, then of course you might find those sections more interesting than I did. Since I was stuck on an 8 hour flight twice in 5 days and this book was my only reading material I finished it pretty quickly, but quite honestly, were it sitting on my nightstand it would have taken me some time to finish it I am guessing, as the subject matter at times tended to drag a bit in the medical explanations, (meaning some concentration required) but otherwise it is a quite interesting book, full of insight into the human medical condition and its remarkable ability to heal itself when faced with trauma or extreme weather conditions.
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